Five hundred Italians were illiterate, about one hundred thirty-read with difficulty writing a simple habit of reading books does not involve more than twenty per cent of the population. No basis to Italian democracy.
What level of education and culture of the Italians? He speaks little, and yet the answer to this question helps to understand many problems. Let's see some data from two international surveys whose results were published by the researcher Vittoria Gallina in the essays "The literacy in Italy. A research on the culture of the population "(Franco Angeli, 2000) and" Literacy and life skills. National survey on the Italian population 16-65 years "(Karnac Books, 2006).
Five hundred Italians between 14 and 65 can not distinguish a letter from another, a figure the other: they are total illiterates. Thirty-eight out of a hundred know how to do, but I can only read with difficulty writing a simple and decipher some figures. Thirty overcome this condition, but stop here: a written text that relates to acts of collective relief in everyday life, is beyond the scope of their reading and writing, a graphic icon with some percentage is indecipherable. Of these, 12 percent of graduates. Only 20 percent of the Italian adult population has the tools necessary minimum of reading, writing and arithmetic necessary to navigate in a contemporary society.
be clear: the decline of skills and return to illiteracy affects all Western societies. But in Italy the phenomenon has a greater impact. So much so that we are in the queue to Europe for reading books and newspapers. According to ISTAT, over 60 percent of Italians do not read even one book a year. Only 20 percent of households is the habit of reading, while 80 percent of Italians (World Bank data) is informed solely by television. This television. In return, the Italians have topped the charts for use of mobile phones. Needless to say that Homo videns, as Giovanni Sartori has called in his essay, is much more suggestible minority still loyal to the written word. Closer to the rank of the consumer (or subject) that the citizen.
Among the few intellectuals who denounce the risk of de-mass literacy and the consequences for the maintenance of democracy, there Tullio De Mauro, linguist and lexicographer, author inter alia on the Use of the Great Dictionary of the Italian language, published by UTET. "Democracy is alive if there is a good level of popular culture" , De Mauro says, "If this is not, democratic institutions, still preferable to totalitarianism and fascism, are empty forms. " Even before the information deficit, therefore, the root of the "Italian case" appears to be a problem of training, or rather of primary education. "How many of us have the ability to reason about the facts, documenting and participating in collective decisions on the meaning of those choices?" Asks de Mauro. Possible remedies? "Strengthening the public school, start a system of continuing education for adults, creating a dense network of public reading." And maybe a ten year program of mass education, with new teachers Manzi instead of Vespa and Maria De Filippi. Pure utopia ...
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